European Regulation on the Use of Laser Engravers

 

The use of laser engravers is subject to strict regulations depending on the class of laser used. Below are the main laws, standards, and obligations applicable in France and Europe.

1. Laser Classification for Engravers

Laser engravers generally use Class 1, 3B, or 4 lasers, depending on power and beam containment.

  • Class 1: Safe under normal conditions (dangerous emissions are fully enclosed in a secure housing).
  • Class 3B: Potentially dangerous for the eyes in case of direct exposure.
  • Class 4: Highly dangerous for eyes and skin, can cause fires, requiring strict safety measures.

Closed and certified laser engravers (e.g., desktop engravers with protective covers) are often Class 1. However, open or industrial machines can be Class 3B or 4.

2. Applicable Regulations for Laser Engravers

a) Safety Standards

  • NF EN 60825-1 (IEC 60825-1): International standard defining laser classification and safety requirements.
  • NF EN 60825-4: Specific safety requirements for laser machines.
  • ISO 11553-1 & 11553-2: Safety standards for laser processing machines, including engravers.

b) CE Marking and Machine Compliance

All laser engravers sold in Europe must comply with:

  • Directive 2006/42/EC (Machinery Directive): Requires manufacturers to ensure equipment safety.
  • Directive 2014/35/EU (Low Voltage Directive): Covers electrical safety.
  • Directive 2014/30/EU (Electromagnetic Compatibility): Ensures the machine does not interfere with other equipment.

CE marking is mandatory for all laser engravers sold in Europe.

3. User Obligations for Laser Engravers

a) Safety Measures by Class

  • Class 1 (Closed and Secure Engravers):

    • No risk, provided the enclosure is not modified.
    • Mandatory label: “Class 1 – Laser Product”.

  • Class 3B:

    • Clear signage (“Laser Hazard – Class 3B”).
    • Mandatory training for professional users.
    • Restricted access to trained personnel.
    • Mandatory use of appropriate protective eyewear.

  • Class 4:
    ⚠️ Training and Information:

    • Mandatory laser safety training for personnel.
    • Clear display of safety instructions and laser-related risks.
    • Appointment of a Laser Safety Officer (LSO) to supervise laser use.

    🔒 Safety Measures:

    • Delimited work area with mandatory “Laser Danger” signage.
    • Containment system: Enclosure to restrict exposure.
    • Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
      • Laser safety goggles suited to the wavelength.
      • Radiation-resistant clothing if necessary.
    • Safety interlock: Automatic laser shutdown when the enclosure is opened.
    • Smoke extraction and ventilation: Eliminate toxic fumes from engraving.

4. Workplace Regulations

  • Compliance with the Labour Code and Directive 2006/25/EC (protection of workers from risks related to artificial optical radiation).
  • Respect exposure limits for laser radiation.
  • Declaration to the labour inspection if used in an industrial setting.

5. Environmental Regulations

  • Waste and emission management according to Directive 2010/75/EU (industrial emissions).
  • Compliance with local rules on handling toxic fumes.

🔔 Summary:
The use of a Class 4 laser engraver in Europe requires strict adherence to training, PPE, workspace safety, and compliance with manufacturing and usage standards.

Most closed laser engravers are Class 1 when used as intended.
However, adding accessories like risers (to increase work height), automatic conveyors, or openings for pass-through engraving can alter the safety classification.

When the protective door is opened (e.g., for conveyor use or pass-through engraving), the system loses its optical containment and becomes Class 4.

⚠️ Open laser engravers, even low-power ones, are Class 4 and therefore subject to strict regulations—strongly discouraged in educational environments.